22. The thyroid and parathyroid glands
22. The thyroid and parathyroid glands
- Gillian Pocock, Gillian PocockSenior Lecturer in Clinical Science, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK
- Christopher D. RichardsChristopher D. RichardsEmeritus Professor of Experimental Physiology, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- and David A. RichardsDavid A. RichardsAssociate Professor, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Husson University School of Pharmacy, Bangor, Maine, USA
Abstract
This chapter focuses on the principal hormones secreted by the thyroid and the parathyroid glands. It looks at the thyroid gland which secretes two iodine-containing hormones, thyroxine (T4) and tri-iodothyronine (T3). These exert a wide variety of actions throughout the body. These glands are chiefly concerned with the regulation of metabolism and the promotion of normal growth and development. The chapter refers to a third hormone known as calcitonin, which is secreted by cells scattered throughout the gland and is considered a peptide hormone that plays a role in the regulation of plasma calcium levels. Lying embedded within the thyroid gland are several small glands known as the parathyroid glands that secrete a polypeptide hormone called parathyroid hormone (PTH).
