48. The physiology of the male and female reproductive systems
48. The physiology of the male and female reproductive systems
- Gillian Pocock, Gillian PocockSenior Lecturer in Clinical Science, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK
- Christopher D. RichardsChristopher D. RichardsEmeritus Professor of Experimental Physiology, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- and David A. RichardsDavid A. RichardsAssociate Professor, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Husson University School of Pharmacy, Bangor, Maine, USA
Abstract
This chapter discusses reproduction, which is the ability to produce a new generation of individuals of the same species. It explains how genetic material is transmitted from parents to their offspring to ensure that the characteristics of the species are perpetuated. The essential feature of sexual reproduction is the recombination of chromosomes from two separate individuals to produce offspring that differ genetically from their parents. The chapter explores the creation and fusion of the male and female gametes: the spermatozoa (sperm) and ova (eggs). Gametes are specialized sex cells produced by the gonads that provide a link between one generation and the next.
