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Chapter 22 Aldehydes and Ketones
- Michael Clugston, Michael Clugstonformerly Tonbridge School
- Malcolm StewartMalcolm StewartUniversity of Oxford
- , and Fabrice BirembautFabrice BirembautCaen, France
Abstract
This chapter describes aldehydes and ketones. Aldehydes have one alkyl group and one hydrogen atom attached to the carbonyl carbon. Ketones have two alkyl groups and resist oxidation. Both aldehydes and ketones contain the carbonyl group which has a carbon atom doubly bonded to an oxygen atom. Fehling's solution and Tollens' reagent can also help determine the differences between aldehydes and ketones. Oxidation can also help the reduction of aldehydes and ketones to primary and secondary alcohols respectively. The chapter also explains nucleophilic addition, condensation reactions, and alpha carbon reaction of aldehydes and ketones.
