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Physical Chemistry: Quanta, Matter, and Change

Physical Chemistry: Quanta, Matter, and Change (Second Edition)

Peter Atkins, Julio de Paula, and Ronald Friedman
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date: 07 December 2024

TOPIC 64 p. 625Spontaneous processeslocked

TOPIC 64 p. 625Spontaneous processeslocked

  • Peter Atkins, Peter AtkinsLincoln College
  • Julio de PaulaJulio de PaulaChemistry Lewis & Clark College
  • , and Ronald FriedmanRonald FriedmanIndiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne

Abstract

Contents

Criteria of spontaneity 625

Changes at constant volume 626

Brief illustration 64.1: Spontaneous changes at constant volume 626

Changes at constant pressure 626

Brief illustration 64.2: Spontaneous changes at constant pressure 626

The Helmholtz and Gibbs energies 626

Criteria...

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